Travelling, Means of Transport

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=om8pppTm9to

Travelling is very popular in the 21st century.
There are many reasons for it, for instance:

Everyday travelling to school, work, shops, and back,
people want to see exciting places of the world such as castles, palaces, ruins, and churches,
some people travel on business,
others for political or cultural reasons, for scientific purposes, or participation in sport events,
tourism also plays a crucial role here, especially during the holiday.

TYPES OF HOLIDAYS

BEACH HOLIDAY
We spend a few days in a seaside resort. On the beach, we can do many activities: go swimming, sunbathing, sailing, windsurfing, diving, snorkeling, playing beach volleyball, or walk along the cliffs.

On the beach, a holidaymaker needs – a swimming costume (for women) or trunks (for men), beach towel, beach umbrella, suntan lotion, flip-flops, or sandals.

SIGHTSEEING HOLIDAY
We do a lot of sightseeing and admire historic buildings, churches, cathedrals, castles, palaces, statues, and parks.

CAMPING HOLIDAY
We sleep in a tent and have fun in the open air. When we go camping we need a sleeping bag, watch, penknife, food, map and a torch (BrE)/ flashlight (AmE).

WALKING HOLIDAY
We usually walk up the mountains. We need proper clothes and hiking boots, a map, a raincoat and a rucksack. (trekking = hiking)

PACKAGE HOLIDAY

A holiday organized by a travel company for which you pay a fixed price that includes the cost of the hotel and travel, and sometimes food.

As for food, we can book:

full board (includes breakfast, lunch and dinner)
half board (includes breakfast, and dinner)

We can get:

a single room (a room for one person with a single bed)
a double room (a room for two people with one large bed)
a twin room (a room for two people with two single beds)

Everything must be booked (reserved) in advance (before you go).

WHEN WE GO ON HOLIDAY ABROAD WE NEED:

valid passport or ID (identification document)
health insurance, accident, and baggage insurance
camera, map or GPS
luggage
currency (money used in other countries)
some medicine

TRAVELLING BY CAR

Advantages

It is fast and comfortable.
We can stop where we want and when we want.

Disadvantages

It is not a very safe means of transport. There are many traffic jams and accidents, and the roads are full.
Travelling by car also increases air pollution.
It is expensive travelling because the price of petrol is very high.

PARTS OF A CAR
bonnet, windscreen, wiper, wing mirror, boot/trunk, number plate, headlight, wheel, mudguard, speedometer, locker, engine, steering wheel, clutch, brake, accelerator, gear, dashboard, seatbelt

extra words to learn: parking ticket, road sign, speeding ticket, diversion, roundabout

TRAVELLING BY TRAIN

You can buy a return or a single ticket. It’s possible to buy a seat reservation. We sit in a compartment, and a conductor checks your train ticket. There are also sleeping cars and dining/restaurant cars.
There are slow trains, which stop at every station, and fast trains, which don’t. Sometimes you have to change trains, especially when you travel for a long distance.

Advantages:

Trains are usually very punctual. It means they run on time.
There are no stressful traffic jams.
Trains are usually fast and comfortable.
On the train, we can sit and read, work, sleep, walk or have a meal.

Disadvantages:

The train fare (money that we pay when we travel by train) for passengers is quite expensive, and the trains are sometimes crowded.

TRAVELLING BY BUS

It is travelling for long as well as short distances.

Advantages

It is fast, the bus fare is quite good,
buses are equipped with better seats, dark glasses against the sun, air – conditioning, television, radio,
there are typical buses in London: double-decker red buses.

Disadvantages

Buses are often crowded,
there are a lot of accidents and traffic jams which cause delays,
not enough legroom.

TRAVELLING BY UNDERGROUND

Name Metro is used in Prague or Paris, underground or tube in London, and subway in NYC.

Advantages

It is one of the fastest means of transport, especially in short distances,
relatively safe,
no traffic jams, always on time – very punctual,
runs very frequently,
the low cost of a ticket.

Disadvantages

Crowded platform full of hurried people.

TRAVELLING BY PLANE

Advantages

It is travelling for long distances,
it is exciting, fast, comfortable,
relatively safe,
the plane ticket is much cheaper when you fly off – season.

Disadvantages

Flying in high season is very expensive.
When you board the plane, you put your hand luggage in the overhead locker and your small bag under your seat.
When the plane is taking – off or landing, all passengers have to fasten their seat belts.
Cabin crew are people who look after passengers. Air hostess = stewardess is there for you if you need some help.

HITCH-HIKING

It is for people who love fun and adventure because it‘s a special type of travelling.

Advantages

Hitch-hiking is usually for free, so we save money,
we also save time.

Disadvantages

We can be robbed,
girls can be raped.

Useful phrases associated with hitch-hiking:
Can you give me a lift?
Can you drop me here?

TRAVELLING BY SHIP

On the ship, we will spend more time than on the plane. It is very comfortable, clean, safe and expensive.

Vocabulary

1. reason [ˈriːzn] skdôvod
2. scientific purposes [ˌsaɪənˈtɪfɪk ˈpɜːpəsɪz] skvedecké účely
3. participation in [pɑːˌtɪsɪˈpeɪʃᵊn ɪn] skúčasť na
4. participant in [pɑːˈtɪsɪpənt ɪn] skúčastník v
5. to participate in [tuː pɑːˈtɪsɪpeɪt ɪn] / take part in [teɪk pɑːt ɪn] skzúčastniť sa na
6. diving [ˈdaɪvɪŋ] skpotápanie
7. cliff [klɪf] skútes
8. towel [ˈtaʊəl] skuterák, osuška
9. flip-flops [flɪp-flɒps] skžabky, gumené sandále
10. sightseeing [ˈsaɪtˌsiːɪŋ] skprehliadka pamiatok
11. to do sightseeing skprezrieť si pamiatky
12. sightseeing holiday [ˈsaɪtˌsiːɪŋ ˈhɒlədeɪ] skpoznávací zájazd
13. sights [saɪts] skpamiatky, pamätihodnosti
14. to admire [tuː ədˈmaɪə] skobdivovať, kochať sa
15. camping [ˈkæmpɪŋ] skstanovanie, kempovanie
16. tent [tɛnt] skstan
17. in the open air [ɪn ði ˈəʊpən eə] skpod holým nebom
18. torch [tɔːʧ] / flashlight [ˈflæʃˌlaɪt] skbaterka
19. proper clothes [ˈprɒpə kləʊðz] skvhodné oblečenie
20. raincoat [ˈreɪnkəʊt] / mac (intosh) skpršiplášť
21. hiking [ˈhaɪkɪŋ] skturistika
22. walking holiday [ˈwɔːkɪŋ ˈhɒlədeɪ] skdovolenka s pešou turistikou
23. package holiday [ˈpækɪʤ ˈhɒlədeɪ] skzájazd cez cestovku
24. included [ɪnˈkluːdɪd] skzahrnutý
25. accommodation [əˌkɒməˈdeɪʃᵊn] skubytovanie

26. As for me [æz fɔː miː] skČo sa mňa týka
27. full board [fʊl bɔːd] skplná penzia
28. half board [hɑːf bɔːd] skpolpenzia
29. single room [ˌsɪŋ.ɡəl ˈruːm] skjednolôžková izba
30. double room [ˌdʌb.əl ˈruːm] skdvojlôžková izba s manželskou posteľou
31. twin room [twɪn ruːm] skdvojlôžková izba s oddelenými lôžkami
32. to book [tuː bʊk] skrezervovať si, objednať
33. in advance [ɪn ədˈvɑːns] skvopred, v predstihu
34. valid passport [ˈvælɪd ˈpɑːspɔːt] skplatný pas
35. health insurance [hɛlθ ɪnˈʃʊərəns] skzdravotné poistenie
36. baggage [ˈbæɡɪʤ] / luggage [ˈlʌɡɪʤ] skbatožina
37. currency [ˈkʌrənsi] skmena, platidlo
38. ID (identification card) [aɪ-diː] skobčiansky preukaz
39. advantage [ədˈvɑːntɪʤ] skvýhoda
40. disadvantage [ˌdɪsədˈvɑːntɪʤ] sknevýhoda
41. traffic jam [ˈtræfɪk ʤæm] skdopravná zápcha
42. to increase [tuː ˈɪnkriːs] skzvýšiť
43. pollution [pəˈluːʃᵊn] skznečistenie
44. petrol [ˈpɛtrəl] skbenzín
45. means of transport [miːnz ɒv ˈtrænspɔːt] skdopravné prostriedky
46. parts of the car skčasti auta
47. engine [ˈɛnʤɪn] skmotor
48. dashboard [ˈdæʃbɔːd] skpalubná doska
49. brake [breɪk] skbrzda
50. hand brake [hænd breɪk] skručná brzda

51. seat belt [siːt bɛlt] skbezpečnostný pás
52. wheel [wiːl] skkoleso
53. steering wheel [ˈstɪərɪŋ wiːl] skvolant
54. windscreen wiper [ˈwɪndskriːn ˈwaɪpə] skstierač
55. road sign [rəʊd saɪn] skdopravná značka
56. locker [ˈlɒkə] skskrinka
57. roundabout [ˈraʊndəbaʊt] skkruhový objazd
58. exit [ˈɛksɪt] skvýjazd
59. diversion [daɪˈvɜːʃᵊn] skobchádzka
60. bonnet [ˈbɒnɪt] skkapota
61. mudguard [ˈmʌdɡɑːd] skblatník
62. clutch [klʌʧ] skspojka
63. windscreen [ˈwɪndskriːn] skčelné sklo
64. headlights [ˈhɛdlaɪts] skpredné svetlá
65. boot [buːt] / trunk [trʌŋk] skkufor v aute
66. gear [ɡɪə] skprevodovka
67. number plate [ˈnʌmbə pleɪt] skŠPZ
68. accelerator [əkˈsɛləreɪtə] skplynový pedál
69. parking ticket [ˈpɑːkɪŋ ˈtɪkɪt] skpokuta za parkovanie
70. speeding ticket [ˈspiːdɪŋ ˈtɪkɪt] skpokuta za rýchlosť
71. punctual [ˈpʌŋktjʊəl] skpresný (časovo)
72. delayed [dɪˈleɪd] skomeškaný, oneskorený
73. conductor [kənˈdʌktə] sksprievodca vo vlaku
74. to change train skpresadať, prestúpiť na iný vlak
75. distance [ˈdɪstəns] skvzdialenosť

76. crowded [ˈkraʊdɪd] skpreplnený
77. fare [feə] skcestovné
78. return ticket [rɪˈtɜːn ˈtɪkɪt] skspiatočný lístok
79. single ticket [ˈsɪŋɡl ˈtɪkɪt] / one-way ticket [wʌn-weɪ ˈtɪkɪt] skjednosmerný lístok
80. seat reservation [siːt ˌrɛzəˈveɪʃᵊn] / priority seating [praɪˈɒrɪti ˈsiːtɪŋ] skmiestenka
81. slow train [sləʊ treɪn] skosobný vlak
82. fast train [fɑːst treɪn] skrýchlik
83. railway car [ˈreɪlweɪ kɑː] skželezničný vozeň, vagón
84. sleeping car [ˈsliːpɪŋ kɑː] skspací vozeň
85. dining car [ˈdaɪnɪŋ kɑː] skreštauračný vozeň
86. air conditioning [eə kənˈdɪʃnɪŋ] skklimatizácia
87. double decker [ˈdʌbᵊl dɛkə] skposchodový autobus
88. underground (tube) [ˈʌndəɡraʊnd] skmetro v GB
89. subway [ˈsʌbweɪ] skmetro v USA
90. frequently [ˈfriːkwəntli] skčasto
91. cheap [ʧiːp] sklacný
92. expensive [ɪksˈpɛnsɪv] skdrahý, nákladný finančne
93. off season [ɒf ˈsiːzn] skmimo sezóny
94. on season [ɒn ˈsiːzn] skpočas sezóny
95. crew [kruː] skposádka
96. to fasten [tuː ˈfɑːsn] skpripútať sa, zapnúť si pás
97. to hitchhike [tuː ˈhɪʧˌhaɪk] skcestovať autostopom
98. to rob [tuː rɒb] skokradnúť
99. to rape [tuː reɪp] skznásilniť
100. stewardess [ˈstjʊədɪs] / air hostess [eə ˈhəʊstɪs] / flight attendant [flaɪt əˈtɛndənt] skletuška

Môžete ma odviesť? – Can you give me a lift?

Môžete ma vysadiť tu? – Can you drop me here?

Asking the way, giving direction

Excuse me, can you tell me the way to the town centre? Prepáčte, ukázali by ste mi cestu do centra? Yes, sure. Samozrejme.
Excuse me, how can I get to the square? Ako sa dostanem na námestie?
Excuse me, where is the nearest restaurant? Prepáčte, kde tu je najbližšia reštaurácia?
Excuse me, is there a bank near here? Prepáčte, je tu niekde blízko banka?
Excuse me, what way is the bank? Prepáčte, ktorým smerom je banka?
Go straight ahead to the crossroad. = Go straight on as far as the crossroad. – Go up to the crossroad. Choďte rovno až ku križovatke. – Go along the road/street until the traffic lights. Choďte po tejto ceste až ku semaforom.
We have lost our way. Zablúdili sme.
You are going in the wrong direction/ way. Idete zle.
I’m sorry, I’m a stranger here. Go to another person. (You had better ask someone else.) Bohužiaľ nevyznám sa tu, radšej sa spýtajte niekoho iného.
How far is it? Ako ďaleko to je?
Is it far from here? Je to ďaleko?
It takes about 15 minutes. Trvá to asi 15 minút.
It’s near about 300 metres . Je to blízko, asi 300 metrov. – It’s near about 15 minutes’ walk/ drive. Je to blízko asi 15 minút peši/ autom.
It’s opposite the church. Je to oproti kostolu. – It’s behind the church. Je to za kostolom.
It’s next to the bank. Je to vedľa banky. – It’s in front of the bank. Je to pred bankou.
It’s round the corner. Je to za rohom.
Take the next turning on the left. Na prvej odbočke choďte doľava.
Go along the street/ road. Choďte po tejto ulici/ ceste.
Go past the bank. Choďte popri banke.
Go along the park/ the road, past the bank and the pub. Choďte popri parku, popri banke….
Go towards the church. Choďte smerom ku kostolu.
Go this way. Choďte týmto smerom.
Then, go by the river. Potom popri rieke.
Cross the road. / Go across the road. Prejdite cez cestu.
Cross the bridge. Prejdite cez most.
Cross under the bridge. Prejdite popod most.
Turn left. / Turn right. Zabočte doľava/doprava. – Turn left at the park. /Turn left at the crossroads. Pri parku zabočte doľava.
Turn right after the church. Za kostolom zabočte doprava.
Go to the roundabout and take the 2nd exit. Choďte na kruhový objazd a vyjdite na 2. východe.
You can’t miss it. Nemôžete to minúť.
You are welcome. Niet začo.
Not at all. Niet začo.
It was a pleasure for me. Rado sa stalo.