Weather & Seasons of the Year

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=35oWlPBxfLs

SPRING

Spring starts on March 21st according to the calendar.
However, the actual situation is often different.

Nature begins to awake from its long winter sleep, and a new life begins.
Nights get shorter and days get longer.
More sunshine, the snow is melting.
Flowers start growing.
Everything comes into blossom.

Here are some popular spring flowers:

forget-me-nots, daffodils, primroses, white snowdrops, daisy, catkins, dandelions, tulips, violets

Here are some popular spring birds:

swallows, storks, cuckoos, starlings

WEATHER IN SPRING

The weather in spring is unpredictable and changeable. During one day, we can experience all types of weather. First, the sun may shine, then it might rain, and finally it may snow or hail.
At this time, we celebrate the biggest Christian holiday, Easter.

SUMMER

Summer begins on June 21st. Everybody is interested in the weather because people go on their journeys and take holidays. Schoolchildren love this season because they have two months of holiday ahead.

The temperature rises to 25 degrees Celsius or higher.
The days are very long and, the nights are very short.

The summer is also the time for:

Strawberries, raspberries, blueberries, blackberries, red and black currants, and mushrooms (we pick mushrooms at the end of August).

WEATHER IN SUMMER

In the morning, there is often dew. The sky is clear and bright. There is no wind, and sometimes we experience a heatwave. Mist can also occure. After hot days in summer, a thunderstorm often arrives with heavy rainfall. Sometimes it also hails, but after that, the sky clears up, and the air is fresh again.

SUMMER SPORTS AND ACTIVITIES

swimming, Beach volleyball, cycling, hiking, travelling (a road trip, boat trip), barbecuing

SUMMER FASHION MEN’S SET

a t-shirt, Bermuda shorts, and moccasins
a tank top, shorts, and flip-flops
a hat, sunglasses, and a shirt

SUMMER FASHION WOMEN’S SET

a summer coctail dress, hat, and shorts
bikinis, multi-coloured earrings, and a beach bag
a bracelet, sandals, sunglasses, and an airy top
a handbag and a dress

AUTUMN (FALL)

Autumn starts on September 23rd.

The sun sets earlier and rises later, so the days get shorter.
The period of sunny and warm autumn weather is called Indian summer.
It’s also the time of harvest, when we pick apples, pears, and plums.
The grass turns yellow and dries out.
We admire the colours of the leaves on trees in the woods.
Bird flocks set off on a journey to the south.

WEATHER IN AUTUMN

The weather is unstable.
The sky is often cloudy, overcast, and thick fog can appear. The temperature drops, and it becomes chilly, wet and rainy. It can drizzle, and the first frosts of the season arrive. Strong gales that can damage trees may occure too.
Holidays: All Saints’ Day (November 1st)

WINTER

According to the calendar, winter begins on December 21st, but in fact, it often
arrives earlier.

The days are very short and the nights are very long.
Nature is sleeping, and everything is covered with snow.
The temperature sometimes drops to 20°C below zero, and the roads become icy and slippery.

WEATHER IN WINTER

Snowfall, icy wind, icicles hanging from the roofs, hard frosts, and a lot of snow are typical for winter.
Slush can aldo appear on the roads.

WINTER SPORTS AND ACTIVITIES

skiing, snowboarding, ice-skating, snowball fights, building snowmen, and sledging are popular winter activities

WINTER CLOTHES

a cap, gloves, and a winter vest
a jumper, a scarf
earmuffs, warm socks, and winter boots

And then everything repeats, year after year, just like on a merry-go-round.

Vocabulary

1. in (the) spring [sprɪŋ] – na jar
2. in (the) autumn [ˈɔːtəm] – na jeseň
3. in (the) winter [ˈwɪntə] – v zime
4. in (the) summer [ˈsʌmə] – v lete
5. according to [əˈkɔːdɪŋ tʊ] – podľa, v závislosti od
6. awake [əˈweɪk] – prebúdzať sa
7. melt [melt] – topiť sa, roztápať sa (sneh)
8. swallow [ˈswɒləʊ] – lastovička
9. sparrow [ˈspærəʊ] – vrabec
10. swan [swɒn] – labuť
11. cuckoo [ˈkʊkuː] – kukučka
12. stork [stɔːk] – bocian
13. snowdrop [ˈsnəʊˌdrɒp] – snežienka
14. dandelion [ˈdændɪˌlaɪən] – púpava
15. primrose [ˈprɪmˌrəʊz] – prvosienka
16. daffodil [ˈdæfədɪl] – narcis
17. daisy [ˈdeɪzɪ] – sedmokráska (aj margarétka)
18. forget-me-not [fəˈget miː nɒt] – nezábudka
19. tulip [ˈtjuːlɪp] – tulipán
20. violet [ˈvaɪəlɪt] – fialka
21. catkins [ˈkætkɪns] – bahniatka
22. lily of the valley [ˈlɪlɪ əv ˈvælɪ ] – konvalinka
23. oak [əʊk] – dub
24. willow [ˈwɪləʊ] – vŕba
25. pine [paɪn] – borovica

26. beech [biːtʃ] – buk
27. chestnut [ˈtʃesˌnʌt] – gaštan
28. birds flocks [bɜːds flɒks] – vtáčie kŕdle
29. unpredictable [ˌʌnprɪˈdɪktəb ə l] – nepredvídateľné, nevyspytateľné
30. changeable [ˈtʃeɪndʒəb ə l] – premenlivé, nestále
31. unstable [ʌnˈsteɪb ə l] / unsteady [ʌnˈstedɪ] – premenlivé, nestále
32. hailing [heɪlɪŋ] – krupobitie
33. it hails [heɪls] – padajú krúpy
34. it snows [snəʊs] – sneží
35. it rains [reɪns] – prší
36. temperature above [ˈtemprɪtʃə əˈbʌv ] / below zero [bɪˈləʊ ˈzɪərəʊ] – teplota nad / pod nulou
37. weather forecast [ˈweðə ˈfɔːˌkɑːst] – predpoveď počasia
38. Easter [ˈiːstə] – Veľká noc
39. set off on journey [set ɒf ɒn ˈdʒɜːnɪ] – vyraziť na cestu
40. strawberries [ˈstrɔːbərɪs] – jahody
41. bilberries [ˈbɪlbərɪs] – čučoriedky
42. raspeberries [ˈrɑːzbərɪs] – maliny
43. blackberries [ˈblækbərɪs] – černice
44. cranberries [ˈkrænbərɪs] – brusnice
45. pears [peəs] – hrušky
46. plums [plʌms] – slivky
47. heatwave [ˈhiːtˌweɪv] – horúčava
48. it is boiling [ˈbɔɪlɪŋ] – je veľmi, veľmi teplo
49. thick fog [θɪk fɒg] – hustá hmla
50. mist [mɪst] – jemná hmla, opar

51. thunderstorm [ˈθʌndəˌstɔːm] – búrka s hromami a bleskmi
52. lightning [ˈlaɪtnɪŋ] – blesky, blýskanie sa
53. dew [djuː] – rosa
54. thunder [ˈθʌndə] – hrom, hrmenie
55. rainbow [ˈreɪnˌbəʊ] – dúha
56. the sun sets [sʌn sets] – slnko zapadá
57. the sun rises [sʌn raɪziːs] – slnko vychádza
58. Indian summer [ˈɪndɪən ˈsʌmə] – babie leto
59. reap / pick the harvest [riːp ðə ˈhɑːvɪst] – zbierať úrodu
60. harvest [ˈhɑːvɪst] – úroda
61. grass turns yellow [grɑːs tɜːns ˈjeləʊ] – tráva zožltne
62. grass gets dry [grɑːs gets draɪ] – tráva schne
63. trees blossom [triːs ˈblɒsəm] – stromy kvitnú
64. flowers are in bloom [ˈflaʊəs ɑː in bluːm] – kvety kvitnú
65. leafy trees [ˈliːfɪ triːs] – listnaté stromy
66. coniferous trees [kəˈnɪfərəs triːs] – ihličnaté stromy
67. it is cloudy [ˈklaʊdɪ] – je zamračené
68. the sky is overcast [skaɪ ɪz ˈəʊvəˌkɑːst] – obloha je zatiahnutá
69. the sky clears up [skaɪ klɪəs ʌp] – obloha sa vyjasní
70. chilly [ˈtʃɪlɪ] – chladno
71. it is damp and cold [dæmp] – je sychravo a chladno
72. we are chilled to the bone [tʃɪled tuː ðə bəʊn] – sme premrznutí na kosť
73. drizzle [ˈdrɪz ə l] – mrholiť, mrholenie
74. slush [slʌʃ] / sleet [sliːt] – čľapkanica, snehová kaša, dážď so snehom
75. downpour [ˈdaʊnˌpɔː] – silný lejak, prietrž mračien

76. It rains cats and dogs – Leje ako z krhly.
77. frost [frɒst] – mráz
78. thaw [θɔː] – odmäk
79. gale [geɪl] – víchrica
80. icicles [ˈaɪsɪk ə ls] – cencúle
81. roof [ruːf] – strecha
82. we have icy hands [ˈaɪsɪ hænds] – máme studené ruky
83. commemorate [kəˈmeməˌreɪt] – pripomínať si
84. All Saint Day [ɔːl seɪnt deɪ] – Deň všetkých svätých
85. covered with [ˈkʌvəd wɪð] – pokryté s
86. drop [drɒp] – klesnúť
87. slippery [ˈslɪpərɪ] – klzké
88. sledging [sledʒɪŋ]– sánkovanie
89. go sledging – chodiť sa sánkovať
90. go sliding [ˈslaɪdɪŋ] – chodiť sa šmýkať, kĺzať
91. go ice-skating [aɪs skeɪtɪŋ] – chodiť sa korčuľovať
92. have a snowball fight [hæv ˈsnəʊˌbɔːl faɪt] – guľovať sa
93. make a snowman [meɪk ə ˈsnəʊˌmæn ] – stavať snehuliaka
94. put on [pʊt ɒn] – obliecť si
95. gloves [glʌvs] – rukavice
96. scarf [skɑːf] – šál
97. warm sweater [wɔːm ˈswetə] – hrubý sveter
98. merry-go-round [ˈmerɪ gəʊ raʊnd] – kolotoč
99. April showers bring May flowers.
100. Martin is coming on a white horse. – Martin na bielom koni.